1. A - Passive

Na rozdíl od ČJ, která má trpný rod se zvratným „se“ i pasivum opisné, AJ má jen trpný rod opisný.

Dům se staví.  Dům je postaven u lesa.

The house is built at the forest.

S          +          be        +          V 3.tvar

                        am, is, are

                        was, were

                        has been, have been

                        will be

                        am/is/are going to be

                        can be, must be

Trpný rod v AJ je mnohem častější než v ČJ.

Podmětem věty v pasivu se může stát jakýkoliv předmět věty v aktivu.

I gave my mother (3p) a box of chocolates (4p).

The box of chocolates was given to my mother.

My mother was given a box of chocolates.

This bridge is made in wood.

It was built / made by my son. (by… = činitel)

It hasn´t been dusted for a long time.

I hope that it won´t be broken.